Measure for influencing the axial flow in the spindle channel of an air-vortex spinning apparatus

ABSTRACT

The measure for influencing the flow in the yarn guide duct is that the flow in the spindle channel is influenced after the fiber guide surface to the spindle cone and by the inlet opening into the spindle channel by means in such a way that the entrance behavior of the fiber ends and the spreading of the rear fiber ends occurs in weak or suppressed counter-flow or in co-flow and that said means are flow-active connections between the outflow channel and the spindle channel, e.g. passages by means of bores or by using fluid-permeable sintered materials.

[0001] The invention relates to a measure, namely an apparatus and a method in a device for producing a spun yarn made of a fiber structure, comprising a fiber guide duct with a fiber guide surface for guiding the fibers of the fiber structure into an inlet opening of a yarn guide duct, and further comprising a fluid device for producing a turbulent flow about the inlet opening of the yarn guide duct and the measure in accordance with the invention for influencing the flow conditions in the spindle duct of a stationary spindle.

[0002] U.S. Pat. No. 5,528,895 describes an apparatus in which the fibers for fixing the fiber ends by the remaining part of the fibers are guided in a fiber guide means and by means of which the fibers can be grasped by the produced air swirl in such a way that an even and strong yarn can be produced. In order to guide the fibers a needle is provided which is arranged in a centric manner to the yarn guide duct and about which the supplied fibers extend in a spiral manner in the direction towards the yarn guide duct in order to be spun.

[0003] It has been noticed that in the yarn guide duct a fluid flow arises which extends opposite to the direction of yarn passage and emerges at the inlet opening. Said flow emerging from the inlet opening influences the drawing in or entrance of fiber ends into the inlet opening and the spreading of the fiber ends for the rotation about the fixed spindle. The influence on the drawing in or entrance of fiber ends is disadvantageous in the respect that occasionally the loss of an entire fiber may occur, even though substantially short fibers are concerned in such cases. It is the object of the present invention to influence said flow in such a way that on the one hand the aforementioned spreading is promoted and on the other hand the loss of fibers is prevented.

[0004] This object is substantially achieved in such a way that the flow in the spindle duct is influenced by means in such a way that the entrance behavior of the fiber ends and the spreading of the fiber ends occurs in a weak to suppressed counter-flow or co-flow and said means are flow-active connections between the outflow duct and the spindle duct. Further details on the solution and preferable embodiments are explained in the description with the figures.

[0005] The invention is based on the finding that by influencing the flow conditions (progression of pressure and speed) in the spindle duct it is possible to influence the incoming fibers and the yarn formation process in the region of the inlet opening. An active influence will thus ensure that the negatively acting flow will be eliminated.

[0006] In order to achieve an active influence, means are disposed in a fiber guide duct which act as fluid sources or fluid sinks or for influencing the flow and pressure conditions. These means make it possible to influence the flow speed and the pressure distribution over sections. In contrast to the apparatuses as known from the state of the art, the flow conditions can be set in such a way that the fibers to be processed are incorporated optimally in the yarn formation process.

[0007] For influencing the conditions in the spindle duct, the following parameters are especially relevant: Introduced or removed quantity of fluid (air), place and direction, where and how fluid is introduced or removed and the course of the cross-section and shape of the spindle duct. The relevance of the parameters will be explained below in closer detail by reference to the embodiments shown in the figures.

[0008] The invention as disclosed herein is suitable from its basic concept for the use with different air-vortex spinning apparatuses, as are known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,528,895 for example. It is especially suitable for spinning apparatuses as known from CH-1845/00 because yarns of especially high quality can be produced with the same.

[0009] The invention is now explained in closer detail by reference to a number of drawings showing a number of procedures, wherein:

[0010]FIGS. 1, 1a,b,c show sectional views of the apparatus parts which are relevant for the discussion below;

[0011]FIGS. 2a,b show examples of a plurality of possible embodiments for influencing the flow in the spindle duct.

[0012]FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation and a partial sectional view of the approximate flow conditions close to and in the spindle cone, as caused by the measure in accordance with the invention;

[0013]FIG. 4 shows a computer simulation of the flow conditions at the inlet opening of the spindle cone;

[0014]FIG. 5 shows a first embodiment of an apparatus in accordance with the invention;

[0015]FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of an apparatus in accordance with the invention;

[0016]FIG. 7 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 4 in a front view;

[0017]FIG. 8 shows the different variants of spindle channels;

[0018]FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment.

[0019]FIGS. 1, 1a and 1 c show a fiber delivery edge 29 which is situated very close to the inlet opening 35 of a yarn guide duct or spindle channel 45 which is arranged within a so-called spindle 32. Preferably, the fiber delivery edge 29 is situated at a predetermined distance A between the same and the inlet opening 35 as well as a predetermined distance B between an imaginary plane E comprising the edge parallel to a central line 47 of the spindle channel 45 and said middle line 47.

[0020] Depending on the type of fiber and the mean fiber length and respective results from trials, the distance A corresponds to a range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm. The distance B depends on the diameter G of the inlet opening 35 and lies, depending on the results of the trials, within a range of 10 to 40% of the said diameter G.

[0021] The very close distance of the fiber delivery edge and the inlet opening of the spindle is critical and disturbances in this zone such as undesirable flow conditions should be controllable, which is the purpose of the invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the fiber delivery edge 29 comprises a length D.1 (FIG. 1a) which is similar to the diameter G of the spindle channel 45 and is formed by a face surface 30 of a fiber conveying element 27 and a fiber guide surface 28 of element 27. The face surface 30 with its height O is situated within the zone of diameter G and has an empirically determined distance H between the plane E and the opposite inner wall 48 of the spindle channel 45. When the fiber and yarn guide means 4 is provided with an arrangement which tapers from the face side 6 a of spindle 6 (as is shown in FIG. 1b) or with a tube-like element 5 c (as shown in FIG. 1c), all distances also need to be determined empirically in a respective manner.

[0023] The fiber conveying element 27 is provided with a guide means for guiding the fibers and is guided in a supporting element 37 received in the nozzle block 20 and forms with said supporting element a clearance forming a fiber guide duct 26 and is provided at the entrance with a fiber receiving edge 31 about which the fibers are guided which are supplied by a pair of fiber conveying rollers (not shown). Said fibers are grasped by the pair of fiber conveying rollers by means of a suction air stream and conveyed through the fiber guide duct 26. The suction air stream arises from an air flow produced in the jet nozzles 21 with a blowing direction 28 as a result of an injector effect.

[0024] As is shown in FIGS. 1a and 1 b, said jet nozzles are inclined in a nozzle block 20 with an angle beta on the one hand in order to produce the aforementioned injector effect and with an angle alpha on the other hand in order to produce an air swirl which rotates with a direction of rotation 27 on a cone 36 of the fiber conveying element 27 along and about the front spindle surfaces 34 in order to form a yarn in the spindle channel 45 of spindle 32, as will be explained below.

[0025] The air stream which is produced by the nozzle 21 in a vortex chamber 22 escapes into the atmosphere or into a suction device along a spindle cone 33 through a vent channel 23 formed about the spindle 32.

[0026] This is the apparatus as it functions without the inventive measure and on which this measure shall be introduced in the discussion below.

[0027]FIG. 2a now shows a first example of the possibilities to influence the flow conditions in the spindle channel. The figure shows the details of FIG. 1 and, in addition, two connecting passages 40 between the vent channel 23 and the spindle channel 45. In this example there are two bores from the whole gamut of various possibilities through which the flowing fluid can pass. The number and position of the bores, the inclination of the same with respect to the central line 47 of the spindle duct 45 and the diameter of the bores are chosen in such a way that the desired effect will occur. The respective optimum can be determined easily by trials.

[0028] The material of the spindle cone 33 can also consist of a fluid-permeable sinter material according to FIG. 2b with a random arrangement of passages 40 which are typical for such sinter materials, so that the different pressure conditions between vent channel 23 and spindle channel 45 can be utilized in an evenly flowing manner everywhere, in a kind of a blanket coverage so to speak. If bores are chosen then a venturi effect will become more or less effective as long as the flow on the surface of the spindle in the vent channel 23 is large enough; if a sintered compact is chosen then the negative pressure effect will be utilized as long as a pressure gradient exists over the path A in the vent channel 23 away from the spindle cone to the opposite delimitation of the nozzle block 20, thus producing a negative pressure on the surface of the spindle cone 33 in the vent channel 23. Both depend on the flow conditions in the apparatus and the use of spindles or spindle cones with bores or sintered material must be first determined experimentally. The passages in a sintered material are finer than such as produced by a bore. They come with the advantage, however, that they are easier to produce. Metallic sintered material usually shows a coarser structure with clearer passages than sintered material made of ceramics. In this case too, the application of the one or other of the certain expected effects must be determined experimentally.

[0029] The consequences on the flow of such connecting passages will be explained in detail in connection with the FIG. 3 below.

[0030]FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the flow conditions on the spindle cone 33 after the introduction of the measure in accordance with the invention. In this case it is a number of bores 40 introduced into the spindle cone 33 for the purpose of creating a connection permeable for the fluid between the vent channel 23 and the spindle channel 45. As will be shown in FIG. 4 which is a calculated simulated flow, it concerns a spatially spiral flow about the spindle cone. For the sake of simplicity the flow arrows were drawn in straight lines within the sense of a main direction of flow in order to allow showing an approximate pressure gradient over the path A in the vent channel. The passages 40 which are arranged randomly here show (indicated by emerging flow arrows) that a fluid exits from the bores and enters the vent channel 23. As a result, a certain quantity of fluid is withdrawn from the spindle channel 45 and (which is also indicated in this example by flow arrows) the flow is “reversed” at the entrance of the spindle channel. Whereas previously fluid emerged from the inlet opening 35 of the spindle channel 45, said fluid now enters the same and flows in the same direction as the fibers and presumably positively supports the entrance of the same. This leads to a welcome reduction of fiber loss. As has already been mentioned, this is an example for a certain measure in order to initiate this certain effect. The balance between spindle channel and vent channel can be influenced for example in such a way that merely the unavoidable fluid as entrained by the fibers flows through the spindle channel and no enforced flow arises in any of the two directions.

[0031] Two fluid sources contribute to the flow in the vent channel, i.e. on the one hand the suction air flow through the fiber guide duct 26 and the swirling flow from the jet nozzles 21, which finally converge in the vent channel and the pressure gradient substantially disappears. As a result, after a certain distance away from the inlet opening 35 along the vent channel a threshold occurs according to which a pressure difference, if any, can no longer be utilized. This would also be the threshold up to which fluid-active connecting passages can usefully be created. This threshold lies approximately at the length of 10 times the diameter of the inlet opening 35 as measured away from the same over the spindle cone, which approximately determines the flow-active zone. Not only the position of the connecting passages contributes to the purposeful metering, but also the cross section of individual connecting passages and the total cross section of all of them. These parameters must be determined experimentally according to the respective conditions.

[0032] In the case of the solution with a spindle cone made of sinter material, it is useful to provide the cone in the said length of sintered material and the remaining length of solid material, preferably in the form of an exchangeable spindle tip of sintered material, because this part is subjected to strong wear and tear. The arrangement of the spindle tip in the form of an exchangeable part of the spindle with the flow-active zone can obviously also be applied in cones with bores or open channels.

[0033]FIG. 4 shows a computer simulation of the flow conditions at the opening of the spindle without any influencing measure in accordance with the invention. One can see on the one side (at the right-hand side in the figure) the spindle cone 33 and at the other side (at the left-hand side in the figure) the fiber delivery device 27/28. The inlet opening 35 with the flow conditions prevailing there can be recognized very well, even though it is not designated with a transfer sign. The indicated flow conditions are such as calculated by the computer according to the predetermined geometry of the apparatus. This simulation does not take into account a wrapping needle as shown in the aforementioned state of the art and it is not in agreement with FIG. 3 which shows a fiber delivery edge. The effect as shown here, namely the rotating swirl W_(H) as produced by the jet nozzles 21 in the nozzle block 20, with H standing for the main swirl, arises both in an apparatus with a wrapping pin as well as in an apparatus with a fiber delivery edge; in this case merely the effect of the overall flow as produced in the vortex chamber and the flow conditions as produced at the opening of the spindle will be discussed. The rotating swirl W_(H) propagates along spindle cone 33 through the vent channel 23 as a spatially spiraling flow, which is indicated with the arrows w. Additional calculations along the cone confirm this.

[0034] The calculations show that a flow forms in the vent channel in such a way that a radial pressure gradient is obtained which shows a smaller pressure at the surface of the spindle cone than at the wall of the nozzle block in the discharged air channel. One must thus assume in the chosen geometry that fluid is sucked off from the spindle channel and a flow is produced which is directed opposite of the fibers. Under the given circumstances it is advantageous to use a cone of sintered material which is easier to produce. Bores would also lead to the same suction effect.

[0035] The discussed measures create a method for influencing in a dosed manner the air flow forming in the spindle channel of a spindle during the air-vortex spinning process by a flow-active connection of the spindle channel with the discharged air channel. The method is especially suitable for influencing the air flow forming in the spindle channel of a stationary spindle by a flow-active connection of the spindle channel with the discharged air channel. An existing dynamic state is used in a versatile manner without any additional technical measures in order to achieve the desired purpose by utilizing the pressure difference between spindle and discharged air channel in such a way that fluid is guided from the spindle channel to the discharged air channel.

[0036] The measure for performing the method for influencing in a dosed manner the air flow forming in the spindle channel during the air-vortex spinning process is that over a certain zone at least several up to a plurality of flow-active connecting passages are provided between the spindle channel and the discharged air channel.

[0037] A method for influencing the air flow forming in the spindle channel of a spindle during the air-vortex spinning process is shown on the basis of the following measures as discussed below.

[0038]FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of an apparatus 1 in accordance with the invention for influencing the flow conditions in a spindle channel 45. For the sake of clarity of the illustration the apparatus 1 is shown in a partially sectional view, so that the view of the spindle channel 45 is possible. The spindle channel 45 is arranged in a centric fashion in the interior of a spindle 32. First and second fluid channels 40, 41 open into the spindle channel 45, which channels are used for supplying or discharging fluid.

[0039] The fluid channels 40, 41 are arranged in two groups. The first fluid channels 40 of the first group are used for supplying fluid to the spindle channel 45. The alignment of said fluid channels 40 is chosen in such a way that fluid introduced into the spindle channel 45 comprises a direction component which shows in the running direction of the yarn 46 (positive y-direction). The second fluid channels 41 of the second group are used for discharging fluid from the spindle channel 45. They are provided with an alignment which promotes the discharge of fluid.

[0040] The fluid channels 40, 41 allow influencing the flow conditions in the spindle channel 45 and in the zone of its inlet opening 35 concerning the progress of pressure and speed. As a result of this influence, the prevailing flow conditions are set in a purposeful way depending on the fibers to be processed and the processing speed.

[0041] The fluid channels 40, 41 are formed in the shown embodiment by tubes 42, 43 which open from the outside through the spindle 32 into the spindle channel 45. The tubes 42, 43 open into annular feed channels 50, 51 which enclose the vent channel 23 and are used for the joint feeding of the first fluid channel 40 with fluid or the discharge of fluid from the second fluid channels 41.

[0042] The first and the second fluid channels 40, 41 are directed in the shown embodiment into the center of the spindle channel 45. In order to achieve an additional influence on the flow, the channels can also be provided with an alignment which is tangential with respect to the spindle channel 45, which occurs in such a way that the resulting flow is provided with a twist.

[0043] By supplying or discharging different fluid quantities through the first and second fluid channels 40, 41 it is possible to additionally influence the flow speeds and the pressure conditions. If more fluid is sucked off by the second group of fluid channels 41 for example than is supplied by the first group of fluid channels 40, a flow directed into the spindle channel is obtained in the case of a suitable arrangement in the zone of the inlet opening 35 of the spindle channel 45.

[0044] It is understood that depending on the application, different embodiments are possible which comprise a departing number and grouping of fluid sources and/or fluid sinks.

[0045] A subdivision of the vent channel 23 can be prevented in such a way that the spindle is provided with a hollow arrangement and the connection of the fluid sources/sinks is performed via the same (cf. FIG. 7).

[0046]FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the apparatus 1 in accordance with the invention in a sectional side view. The spindle 32 is situated in the vent channel 23 and shows a certain likeliness with a torpedo. The spindle 32 is held in two zones via three braces 52, 53 each. The braces 52, 53 comprise fluid channels 40, 41 which each connect a first and second annular channel 50, 51 with the spindle channel 45. The fluid channels are used for feeding fluid to or removing fluid from the spindle channel 45, which occurs in such a way that the flow of the fluid is influenced in the spindle channel 45. The fluid channels 40 of the first group extend substantially radially, but show with respect to the spindle channel 45 a rearwardly facing inclination, which is such that a fluid introduced via said fluid channels into the spindle channel 45 is provided with a component directed in the running direction of the yarn. The second group of fluid channels 41 opens into the second annular channel 51. The second annular channel 51 and the fluid channels 41 of the second group are used for sucking off fluid from the spindle channel 45. If required, the flow conditions can also be employed vice-versa.

[0047] By introducing fluid into or sucking off fluid from the spindle channel 45, the flow in the spindle channel 45 and in the zone of its inlet opening 35 is influenced in a purposeful way, such that negative return flows as occur in the apparatuses according to the state of the art are avoided. The arrangement of fluid sources or fluid sinks produces an injector effect in the inlet zone of the spindle channel 45 which acts in a supporting fashion on the introduction of the fibers into the spindle channel.

[0048] As can be seen in the shown embodiment, the spindle channel is provided with a circular cross section over the entire length of the same. The progress of the flow in the spindle channel 45 can additionally be influenced in many ways by a variation of the progress of the cross section. The flow can be adjusted optimally to the requirements in combination with fluid sinks 41 and/or fluid sources 40.

[0049] Notice must be taken that the apparatus as shown here can also be operated without fluid sources/sinks. In this case it will act essentially like a conventional spinning apparatus.

[0050]FIG. 5 shows the spindle 32 and the spindle channel 45 according to FIG. 4 from the view of a viewer who is situated in the vortex chamber (spinning chamber) 22. The braces 52, 53 are each disposed mutually offset at an angle of 120°. They are provided with an arrangement in such a way that they do not negatively influence the flow in the vent channel 23. The braces 52, 53 are aligned in this case in the direction of the spindle 32. Alternatively, they could also be arranged along a helical line in such a way that they influence the flow in the vent channel. Alternative embodiments with a deviating number of braces are possible. In a minimal configuration, the spindle 32 can be supported via a single brace.

[0051]FIGS. 6a, 6 b and 6 c show progresses of cross sections of spindle channels 45 and arrangements of fluid sources 40 and fluid sinks 41 in a lateral sectional view. Due to the symmetrical arrangement, only one half of the spindle channel is shown which extends up to a middle line 47.

[0052]FIG. 6a shows a spindle channel 45 with an approximately constant cross-sectional progress. Several fluid channels 40 which are arranged mutually offset in the axial direction (y-direction) open into the spindle channel 45. As a result of the inclination, the introduced air shows an impulse component which shows in the positive y-direction of the spindle channel 45. This leads to a suction effect which acts up to the zone of the inlet opening 35 of the spindle channel 45. Negative return flows are thus prevented.

[0053]FIG. 6b shows a spindle channel 45 with a changeable cross section. Air with different speed (impulse) is introduced into the channel 45 from the fluid sources 40. The flow speed and the pressure progress are thus actively influenced.

[0054]FIG. 6c shows a further embodiment of a spindle channel 45. Said spindle channel is provided with a variable cross-sectional progress which increases at first as seen in the positive y-direction and then decreases again. In the zone of the first change of cross section there is a fluid source 40 which is used for injecting air. The opening of the fluid source is arranged towards the spindle channel 45 in a relatively flat angle, namely in such a way that the introduced fluid comprises a large impulse share in the y-direction. A further fluid source 40 is also used for introducing an additional quantity of fluid and has an effect on the local speed and pressure distribution. A fluid sink 41 is disposed in the zone of the second change of cross section and is used to discharge a large share of the fluid introduced into the spindle channel. The yarn 46 which is situated in the spindle channel 45, of which only a section is shown, is not affected by this measure and is discharged through the narrow zone of the spindle channel 45.

[0055]FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the apparatus 1 in accordance with the invention in a sectional side view. Said apparatus is provided with a spindle 32 comprising a first and second concentrically disposed annular channel 50, 51. The first annular channel 50 is used for feeding fluid channels 40 with air. In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid channels 40 concern bores 40 in an inner tube 49, which bores are arranged inclined to the axis 47.

[0056] The second annular channel 51 is used for discharging fluid (air) from the interior of the spindle channel 45 via fluid channels 41. The fluid channels substantially concern in this case radially arranged bores 41. The shown arrangement comes with the advantage that the vent channel is not influenced. Moreover, this embodiment is suitable for a rotating spindle.

[0057] The spindle channel 45 of the shown arrangement shows a constant progress of the cross section. Alternatively, the progress can also be arranged variably.

[0058] In the case of a suitable dimensioning of the first fluid channels 40 and the spindle channel (yarn channel) 45 the second channels 41 which are used as discharge channels are not mandatorily required. It is accordingly possible in a suitable arrangement of the second channels 41 and the spindle channel 45 to omit the first channels 40. It is understood that further embodiments can be obtained by a combination of the shown embodiments. 

1. A method for influencing the air flow forming in the spindle channel of a spindle during the air-vortex spinning process by a flow-active connection of the spindle channel with the discharge air channel, characterized in that in this respect it concerns a dosed influencing of the air flow forming in the spindle channel, so that no fluid can emerge from the inlet opening of the spindle channel.
 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it concerns a stationary spindle.
 3. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a connection between the spindle and the discharge air channel is provided in such a way that fluid is not guided through the inlet opening from the spindle channel to the discharge air channel.
 4. The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that fluid is guided from the spindle channel to such an extent that fluid enters the inlet opening of the spindle channel.
 5. The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized by a flow-active connection of the spindle channel (45) with a fluid source (50) and/or a fluid sink (51).
 6. The method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that fluid is introduced to such an extent into the spindle channel (45) and/or is sucked off to such an extent therefrom that no fluid emerges from the inlet opening (35) of the spindle channel (45).
 7. The method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that fluid is introduced to such an extent into the spindle channel (45) and/or is sucked off to such an extent therefrom that fluid enters the inlet opening (35) of the spindle channel (45).
 8. An apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 to 7 for the dosed influencing of the air flow forming in the spindle channel (45) during the air-vortex spinning process, characterized in that at least one, preferably several up to a plurality of flow-active connecting passages (40) are provided between the spindle channel (45) and the discharge air channel (23).
 9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the connecting passages are bores (40) disposed in the spindle cone (33) of the spindle (32).
 10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the bores (40) are provided with an offset in the direction of the longitudinal axis (47) between the spindle channel (45) and the discharge air channel (23).
 11. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 9 or 10, characterized in that a plurality of bores (40) are arranged in a radial-symmetrical fashion.
 12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the spindle (32) or the spindle cone (33) consists of a fluid-permeable sintered material.
 13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the spindle (32) or the spindle cone (33) consists of a fluid-permeable metallic sintered material.
 14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the spindle (32) or the spindle cone (33) consists of a fluid-permeable ceramic sintered material.
 15. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the flow-active connecting passages (40) are arranged in such a way that a flowactive zone extends from the inlet opening (35) of the spindle channel (45) via the spindle cone (33) at a length corresponding to 10 times the inlet opening diameter.
 16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the part of the spindle (32) with the flow-active zone is arranged in an exchangeable way.
 17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the at least one bore (40, 41) is inclined with respect to the axis (y) of the spindle channel (45).
 18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that the at least one bore (40, 41) is inclined in such a way that fluid introduced through the same is provided with a direction component (+y) facing in the running direction of a yarn (46).
 19. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the at least one bore (40, 41) opens tangentially into the spindle channel (45), which occurs in such a way that fluid in the spindle channel (45) is provided with a swirl.
 20. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 19, characterized in that at least one feed channel (50, 51) is present which is used for feeding fluid into the at least one fluid channel (40) or for sucking off fluid from the at least one fluid channel (41).
 21. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 20, characterized in that the spindle (32) has a torpedo-like arrangement and is held through at least one brace (52, 53) in the fiber guide channel.
 22. The apparatus as claimed in one of the claims 9 to 21, characterized in that the spindle (32) comprises at least one concentrically arranged channel (50, 51) which is used for injecting fluid into or sucking fluid from at least one fluid channel (40, 41).
 23. The apparatus as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that the spindle (32) is provided with an arrangement so as to be rotatable about its axis. 